SOHO is designed to study the internal structure of the Sun, its extensive outer atmosphere and the origin of the solar wind, the stream of highly ionized gas that blows continuously outward through the Solar System.


SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory

 
Type  SOHO is a three-axis stabilised spacecraft. It is made up of two modules: the Service Module that provides power, control, pointing and telecommunications for the whole spacecraft and support for the solar panels, and the Payload Module that houses all the scientific instruments.
Mass  total at launch 1850 kg
payload 610 kg
Size  breadth and width: 3.65 x 3.65 m, span withsolar array deployed 9.5 m

 
CDS  Coronal Diagnostics Spectrometer Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, United Kingdom
CELIAS  Charge, Element, and Isotope Analysis System Universitat Bern, Switzerland
COSTEP  Comprehensive Suprathermal and Energetic Particle Analyzer University of Kiel, Germany
EIT  Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, USA
ERNE  Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron experiment University of Turku, Finland
GOLF  Global Oscillations at Low Frequencies Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, France
LASCO  Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph Naval Research Laboratory, USA
MDI/SOI  Michelson Doppler Imager/Solar Oscillations Investigation Stanford University, USA
SUMER  Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation Max-Planck-Institut fur Aeronomie, Germany
SWAN  Solar Wind Anisotropies FMI, Finland, Service d'Aeronomie, France
UVCS  Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, USA
VIRGO  Variability of Solar Irradiance and Gravity Oscillations) VIRGO from ESTEC, The NEtherlands

 
Date  Cape Canaveral, 2 December 1995
Vehicle  Atlas-IIAS

 
  SOHO is operated from a permanent vantage point 1.5 million kilometers sunward of the Earth in a halo orbit around the L1 Lagrangian point.

 
  SOHO was designed to observe the Sun continuously for at least two years, but is still observing!SOHO is commanded from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Greenbelt, Maryland (USA). Its data will are retrieved via the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN).