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ERS-1 was the first ESA Earth Observation satellite, providing global measurements of earth's atmospheric and surface properties using advanced microwave techniques. Its payload provides measurements of sea-surface wind speed/direction, sea-surface height, wave height, sea-surface temperature, cloud-top temperature and cover, atmospheric water vapour, and radar images of land, ice and ocean regions.
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The ERS-2 mission is similar to ERS-1 with additions to provide, measurements of stratospheric and tropospheric ozone concentration and improvements to the optical imaging and accurate determination of satellite position and position of ground reference points. After the ERS-2 launch, ERS-1 and ERS-2 carried the first ever 'tandem' mission, which lasted for nine months allowing the collection of 'interferometric' image pairs revealing minute change on the earth's surface
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Envisat is an advanced polar-orbiting Earth observation satellite, which provides measurements of the atmosphere, ocean, land, and ice over a five-year period. Its ambitious and innovative payload continues and extends the science and application objectives of the ERS-1 and 2 missions. The Envisat data supports Earth science research and allow monitoring of the evolution of environmental and climatic changes.
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The Project for On-Board Autonomy (Proba) is a technology demonstration mission of the European Space Agency. The objectives of Proba are: in-orbit demonstration and evaluation of new hardware and software spacecraft technologies, onboard operational autonomy, and trial and demonstration of Earth observation and space environment instruments.
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